en.wikipedia.org
For example, some people exposed to high power Nd:YAG laser emitting invisible 1064 nm radiation may not feel pain or notice immediate damage to their eyesight. A pop or click noise emanating from the eyeball may be the only indication that retinal damage has occurred i.e. the retina was heated to over 100 °C resulting in localized explosive boiling accompanied by the immediate creation of a permanent blind spot
I'd be interested to see a high-res image of what you posted there. It looks interesting but I can't make out what it is supposed to represent exactly. If it is Laser frequencies then it may not be totally accurate because you can get X-Ray lasers -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_laser - that doesn't seem to be represented there in the chart. I probably just read it wrong (my eyesight isn't perfect even with glasses).
As for the safety goggles thing, well yeah, it stands to reason that if you want to block a particular laser frequency then some other frequencies must be let through otherwise you are blocking all
visible electromagnetic radiation. Wouldn't hurt to block the non-visible as well for reasons just quoted above.
en.wikipedia.org
Protective eyewear in the form of appropriately filtering optics can protect the eyes from the reflected or scattered laser light with a hazardous beam power, as well as from direct exposure to a laser beam. Eyewear must be selected for the specific type of laser, to block or attenuate in the appropriate wavelength range. For example, eyewear absorbing 532 nm typically has an orange appearance (although one should never rely solely on the lens color when selecting laser eye protection), transmitting wavelengths larger than 550 nm. Such eyewear would be useless as protection against a laser emitting at 800 nm. Furthermore, some lasers emit more than one wavelength of light, and this may be a particular problem with some less expensive frequency-doubled lasers, such as 532 nm "green laser pointers" which are commonly pumped by 808 nm infrared laser diodes, and also generate the fundamental 1064 nm laser beam which is used to produce the final 532 nm output.
This last paragraph really is very important.
Not all lasers are made equal. Some even utilise serious health-hazard cost-cutting measures to get that price down to 3 bucks a pop.
Frequency doubling.
Green light transmits in the 532nm range. 1064nm is outside the visible spectrum for humans and hence why it is called infra-red. So if those lasers are pumping out at that frequency as well, then the human eye can not 'see' it and does not have the normal 'aversion' response and it can cause eye damage.
Note as well that safety goggles that reflect Green light have an Orange tint to them.
Just like when the human eye perceives Green light, it isn't actually seeing Green light in absentia of all other wavelengths. What it is perceiving is all light in the visible electromagnetic spectrum, except for Green light! And we call that phenomenon 'observing the colour Green'. But I digress. I've studied Optics in several different disciplines for a while now, and while I still only have a layman's understanding, it's still an extremely fascinating subject to me.
Back to frequency doubling and why Green laser pointers should be taken very seriously. I'm typing this shit out because they can cause permanent damage.
This article describes it better than I ever could:
The Danger Of Green Laser Pointers
Cheap green laser pointers can emit dangerous levels of infrared radiation, according to an investigation carried out by physicists in the US
The article is 10 years old now, and laser tech will have moved on even further. More and more lasers being (ironically) made in China and with the ever ensuing cost cutting measures. Cost cutting is not good in laser safety.
This paragraph resonates with the one I quoted earlier from wikipedia:
These devices create coherent green light in a three step process. A standard laser diode first generates near infrared light with a wavelength of 808nm. This is focused onto a neodymium crystal that converts the light into infrared with a wavelength of 1064nm. In the final step, the light passes into a frequency doubling crystal that emits green light at a wavelength of 532nm.
Frequency doubling. And why it's dangerous.
They removed the filter to take out the infra-red eye-damaging portion of the electromagnetic radiation.
Today, Jemellie Galang and pals from the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland say they’ve found worrying evidence that the output of some green laser pointers is much higher and more insidious. They describe one $15 green laser pointer that actually emits ten times more infrared than green light.
Galang and co are under no illusion as to the potential consequences of this. “This is a serious hazard, since humans or animals may incur significant eye damage by exposure to invisible light before they become aware of it,” they say.
It's all in the article I archived above.
So, basically, those Green Laser pointers are quite dangerous. And the cheaper the pointer, the more potentially dangerous it is. It really has fucking pissed me off seeing these twats shining them in the police's faces. The only good thing is they do contain some visible Green light, so that will cause the aversion and blink response by itself, but still, it's offloading a whole lot more of a much more damaging wavelength at the same time. I don't imagine any of this is any different for Red or Blue lasers either that use frequency doubling without the filters.
It's not the colour of the laser you need to worry about, though Blue ones do tend to be more powerful than others, it's whether it is poorly made and pumping out infra-red. Thankfully you wouldn't really get one of those pen/pointers that wasn't pumping out visible spectrum as well, so that does mitigate it somewhat, but still.