http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/nipah-virus-faq-1.4677079
Health officials are working to treat those infected with a rare, brain-damaging virus in southern India. It is the first reported outbreak in the country.
The first death happened May 18, said a state health minister in Kerala, the state at the epicentre of the outbreak blamed for the 12 deaths, including a nurse.
"The Nipah virus disease is not a major outbreak and is only a local occurrence," the government said in a statement on Friday, adding that a team of experts continued to monitor the situation.
Three victims, members of one family, are suspected to have been infected by bats that crowded a well near their home, a local government official said.
"It's in the southern part of India, in Kerala, where it has never been seen before," said Dr. Isaac Bogoch, an infectious disease specialist at Toronto General Hospital who treats tropical diseases.
Initial signs include fever, chills, muscle aches and pains. Ultimately, Bogoch said, the virus causes encephalitis, inflammation of the brain. People can have seizures and headaches. Severe inflammation can cause a coma.
The death rate ranges from 40 per cent to 75 per cent, he said. Fortunately, it is rare.
Many people who survive are left with continuing problems. "Those can include cognitive deficits, some people are left with a seizure disorder afterwards and there's been reports of hearing and vision changes," Bogoch said.
Is a vaccine available?
There is no commercial vaccine for humans or animals.
