Women in Leadership Roles in Special Missions Unit
Trust, Adaptability, and Commitment in Elite Military Operations
Noelle Lemke
The Special Missions Unit (SMU) based at Fort Liberty, North Carolina, represents the pinnacle of U.S. military capability for conducting focused, specialized activities and operations worldwide in accordance with Joint Publication 3-05,
Joint Doctrine for Special Operations, as designated by the president and secretary of defense.1 The organization comprises less than 1 percent of the U.S. Army and is characterized by an especially rigorous selection process together with intensive training that culminates in unparalleled operational effectiveness.
This article illuminates the experiences of women within SMU whose roles have become essential for dealing with the most complex challenges faced by the national mission force. Their work exemplifies the culture of excellence that characterizes these units, demonstrating how these attributes are key to overcoming the most demanding obstacles in national security. Examining some examples of women’s experiences in leadership positions illustrates how they both share and embody the core values of trust, adaptability, and commitment that define SMU culture and how their contributions have been key to overall SMU success. Quotes in this article are unattributed to protect the soldiers’ identities.
Assessment and Selection
“We are not looking for the best person; we are looking for the right person.”
—An abiding guiding principle in the SMU selection process
The unyielding standards of Special Missions Unit selection—a commitment to excellence. Selection is based on rigorous and highly selective criteria. The SMU selection process focuses on evaluating candidates for risk, suitability, and compatibility to meet the high demands of the unit. Once selected, individuals undergo comprehensive training to immerse them in the unit’s culture, values, and mission.
Identifying and selecting candidates for SMU is resource-intensive, requiring significant time, effort, and funding to ensure that only the most qualified individuals are chosen. Selection is entirely unbiased, evaluating all candidates—regardless of gender—strictly on their performance, skills, and potential. Every candidate is “weighed and measured” equally during selection, upholding the unit’s unwavering commitment to meritocracy.
SMU employs a nuanced evaluation approach that distinguishes between operators and enablers. While operator assessment focuses primarily on
attributes, enabler evaluation encompasses
attributes and
skills. This methodology challenges conventional selection paradigms by recognizing that superior qualifications alone do not guarantee organizational success. While performance is a primary discriminator, assessment boards take into consideration a more expansive set of criteria, including comprehensive evaluations of risk factors, organizational compatibility, and assessments of candidate suitability for integration into the SMU culture.
A Special Missions Unit (SMU) soldier takes reconnaissance photos during exfiltration training on Fort Liberty, North Carolina, in summer 2023. (Photo courtesy of SMU Public Affairs)
The selection process centers on identifying individuals with core attributes essential to organizational effectiveness. This “right person versus best person” philosophy culminates in a final board review in which candidates’ judgment, character, and moral compass undergo rigorous evaluation. This systematic approach ensures that selected personnel possess the capability and disposition to excel within the organization’s unique operational environment.
The assessment and selection process transcends the mere evaluation of technical competencies and cultural integration potential; it fundamentally instills a profound sense of humility in candidates. The process systematically examines essential attributes that define successful unit members through deliberate feedback mechanisms and structured introspection. This approach enables evaluators to assess operational capabilities and characteristics that contribute to long-term organizational success. A distinguishing feature of SMU is the philosophy that those responsible for selecting candidates are choosing their future replacements. This ensures that the focus is on identifying talent and nurturing and preparing the next generation of SMU operators and enablers. The process empowers individuals to grow autonomously, ensuring they are equipped to succeed in the most demanding situations.
Training Course
“Selection is an ongoing process.”
—An SMU guiding principle
Forging elite teams: the journey from selection to integration in SMU. The journey of an operator or enabler within SMU begins with a rigorous training process that instills a deep sense of humility and self-awareness. At the heart of SMU’s success is its training course, which lays the foundation for the relentless pursuit of excellence in physical, technical, mental, professional, and operational dimensions. It ensures that the men and women chosen for this elite unit are not just capable operators and enablers, but individuals of the highest caliber, ready to face the complexities of the world’s most challenging missions.
This critical phase highlights both individual strengths and areas for growth. A dedicated cadre staff of senior NCOs, one field grade officer, and civilian contractors guide service members through this transformative stage, ensuring their development into inculcated unit members. The program’s effectiveness hinges on organizational trust. This crucial element is achieved by placing the best and brightest NCOs in leadership positions where their experience helps create an environment of credibility and confidence. Their presence ensures the training’s legitimacy and maintains its pivotal role in personnel development. By default, the training course is the most sacred part within SMU.
“Training is everything; everything is training” is a mantra instilled in new students by instructors who are seasoned former SMU veterans who have often spent over a decade coaching and mentoring operators and enablers in the foundational skills necessary to succeed, particularly during intensive firearms training. This mantra embodies the relentless dedication required to earn and sustain a position within the unit and is echoed throughout all phases of the training course. The values and attributes instilled during the training course are paramount to developing well-rounded, adaptable service members.
A Special Missions Unit (SMU) soldier fires an M320 grenade launcher at a heavy weapons range during the SMU training course on Fort Liberty, North Carolina, in spring 2024. (Photo courtesy of SMU Public Affairs)
Moreover, apart from the demand for high proficiency in the technical ability of soldier skills, SMU demands individuals who are exceptionally inquisitive, resourceful, imaginative, and situationally sensitive to the nuances of whatever environment they find themselves in. To that end, candidates must show the patience to work within strict operational constraints one moment but the audacity to act freely and decisively to the changing circumstances in the next. A personality profile that combines the ability to lead confidently yet follow with humility as a situation demands is paramount. Striking this balance is key to preserving the original vision of SMU and ensuring its continued excellence and adaptability in an evolving world.
Graduation. Upon completion of the training course, students earn the privilege of “crossing the hall” to join the elite ranks of the SMU, where they are swiftly integrated into their teams. In the high-stakes environment in which the SMU operates, trainee graduates must adapt quickly to a culture of trust, flexibility, and loyal commitment to their mission and new teammates. This transition marks the culmination of the rigorous training process and the beginning of their operational journey, where they will be called upon to contribute to some of the Nation’s most critical missions.
This training results in SMU personnel who stand at the forefront of the Nation’s most critical crises, embodying integrity, sound judgment, precision, humility, and credibility. They are entrusted to navigate the chaos by making the right call when it matters most.
The fusion of advanced technical proficiency, distinctive organizational culture, and refined leadership capabilities developed during this selection process ensures SMU personnel maintain their position at the apex of the Army’s elite forces. This comprehensive preparation enables operators and enablers to address the intricate challenges presented by contemporary warfare with agility and precision.
The Tip of the Spear
SMU culture: trust, adaptability, and commitment. In SMU, trust, adaptability, and commitment are the cornerstones that enable the organization to address the Nation’s most sensitive and complex challenges. These attributes form the foundation upon which the SMU personnel operate, allowing them to navigate the intricacies of high-stakes missions. The synergy of trust, adaptability, and commitment empowers SMU to successfully execute some of the most challenging operations, relying on highly intelligent, humble, and resourceful team members to get the job done.
To advance the SMU mission, the contributions of women have become integral to the success of the most complex national mission force challenges. They do so by embodying the values that define the unit as a whole exemplifying the culture of excellence that defines SMU through trust, adaptability, and commitment to overcoming the most demanding obstacles in national security.
Women in leadership roles in SMU. The integration of women into leadership roles within SMU reflects the evolving nature of military service and the value of diverse leadership perspectives. Despite comprising a significantly small number of SMU personnel, women’s roles are assigned due to demonstrable skill, merit, and commitment to mission success, not gender.
Special Missions Unit (SMU) soldiers complete the Sergeant Majors Physical Training Challenge during the SMU training course on Fort Liberty, North Carolina, in spring 2024. (Photo courtesy of SMU Public Affairs)
SMU’s rigorous and unbiased selection process evaluates all candidates based on qualifications, potential, and ability to meet unit demands, regardless of gender. Selected women undergo identical training in leadership, strategy, and operational effectiveness, adhering to the same high standards expected of all candidates for selection.
As previously noted, SMU leadership demands more than tactical expertise; it requires adaptability, trust-building, and the ability to guide teams through complex, high-risk scenarios. Women in SMU accomplish their tasks by exhibiting the same standards of resilience, decisiveness, and strategic thinking as their male counterparts.
In leadership roles, women in SMU operate with precision and authority, prioritizing mission success and team welfare over being “the first” or “the only.” Their contributions are measured by mission impact and leadership effectiveness in high-profile situations, not gender.
These women leaders challenge long-standing military stereotypes, reinforcing SMU’s core values of integrity, trust, adaptability, and mission dedication. A collateral aspect of the demonstrated contributions they make to strengthen the unit, their success also inspires future generations of military women to aspire for the highest standards of excellence.
In SMU, effective leadership is about being the right person for the mission, and women are proving they meet this criterion.
Trust
“Flexibility equals speed; our unit responds quickly to requirements.”
—An SMU guiding principle
The path of one sergeant first class’s journey in the Army exemplifies a powerful blend of dedication, skill, and trust that culminates in selection for service with SMU. Beginning her career under the Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest program as a Philippine native, she demonstrated resilience and ambition by pursuing opportunities such as Airborne School, which set her on a course toward SMU. Her selection as a disbursing noncommissioned officer and budget analyst within SMU highlights her remarkable ability to manage financial resources in high-stakes environments, where every detail can affect mission outcomes.
Her attention to detail—from handling minute discrepancies to larger strategic budgeting tasks—demonstrates her commitment to the Army’s core values of trust and reliability. The Army’s business strategy, centered on people and money, thrives on individuals like her, whose raw intelligence, critical thinking, and drive have safeguarded some of the Army’s most sensitive financial operations. Her efforts have earned her several awards, recognizing her as an indispensable asset to the organization.
Her story is a testament to the essential role finance plays in military operations, where resources must be meticulously managed to support the execution of lethal and complex missions. By embodying the principle of “money as a weapon system,” she has ensured that financial resources are used strategically and precisely, contributing directly to mission success and enhancing trust within her unit.
Adaptability
“Adversity shifted how I take care of people.”
Similarly, the example of one major’s journey within SMU underscores a unique leadership style and adaptability in one of the Army’s most challenging environments. Encouraged by a fellow female warrant officer, she joined SMU in 2018 after a rigorous selection process, taking on a pivotal role in human resources (HR). Her work within SMU has gone far beyond traditional HR functions, requiring a combination of empathy, resilience, agility, and great resourcefulness as she has managed high-visibility personnel issues in an extremely high-pressure, rapidly changing, mission-driven environment where rapid resolution of personnel issues is expected daily as a matter of course by senior leadership.
To deal with the role, her philosophy is that effective “HR requires empathy, resilience, and agility” as a matter of course but also requires a deep understanding of the minute complexities of the unit and its unique requirements for handling personnel matters with extreme confidentiality and secrecy. She has achieved high success in her calling due in great part to her empathetic leadership style that emphasizes the human element in her work, with complete dedication to ensuring soldiers and officers are well-cared-for while also responding with urgency to meeting the HR demands of the mission. This balance of compassion and efficiency has allowed her to solve some of the most difficult and sensitive HR personnel challenges that exist anywhere in the military.
To meet the challenge, one of her greatest strengths is her ability to adapt to different environments, languages, and roles as she seamlessly navigates complex situations, delegating tasks to her team while building networks and acknowledging mistakes when they arise. Her adaptability and problem-solving approach make her an invaluable asset to SMU, where personnel management requires extremely informed technical expertise, diplomacy, tactical agility, and heart. As a consequence, her leadership ensured the smooth functioning of human resource operations within SMU and fostered an institutional environment of trust and collaboration that provided the solid foundation of trust that SMU personnel were receiving the best possible HR support possible, thereby enhancing in an essential way the unit’s overall morale and effectiveness.
Commitment
“Growth over hard times births excellence.”
—An SMU guiding principle
In another example, one SMU lieutenant colonel exemplified the possibility of long association with SMU and the ability to rise through its ranks. Her experience showcases a trailblazing career defined by leadership, grace, and the ability to overcome complex challenges. In 2016, as a captain, she faced the physically and mentally demanding selection process alongside all male candidates at Fort Liberty, North Carolina, finally emerging as the sole candidate selected. This initially demonstrated an unparalleled display of strength and capability in a setting where few women have ventured. The wisdom of the SMU selection was validated when her leadership became instrumental during the coalition forces’ aggressive push against the Islamic State, where she played a critical role in the logistical planning and execution to support successful operations.
Now a lieutenant colonel serving as the support element commander, she leads a battalion of personnel consisting of logisticians, mechanics, riggers, culinary specialists, and engineers. Her approach to leadership is marked by a deep confidence in herself and her team, recognizing the unique and vital contributions each member brings to mission success. Moreover, her success also stems from a commitment to respectfully challenging senior leaders, including sergeant majors and officers, stimulating them to think critically about emerging issues and the creative solutions needed for the future.
In rooms filled with decision-makers, she often finds herself advocating for logistics solutions to the overlooked pitfalls and risks that warfighters might have missed in mission assessments. Her advocacy, however, is grounded in her commitment to leading with grace, empathy, and dedication to education. As a personal rule, she believes in nurturing others to “think big” to help ensure that her teams and fellow leaders have examined closely as many aspects of a challenge as possible to equip them to habitually think critically in solving the most complex problems of modern warfare.
Her leadership style, characterized by her emphasis on grace and educational mentorship, has made her a powerful force within SMU. Additionally, in performing her role as a courageous, informed, and articulate professional logistician, she has established a high standard as a role model for women in leadership positions, paving the way for others to follow her example.
Host Nation, the Men, and Me
“There are many high-risk things we do in the unit that keep me up at night. Your program is among the top three things we do in the unit with the highest risk. I never lose sleep over it because I know you are there.”
—Former SMU Command Sergeant Major
I was the first woman elected to serve in the Middle East’s Host Nation Sensitive Activities program. While I could write a satirical novel about the experience of being “the first” in outstations with no female presence, my story is less about gender and more about the organizational culture cultivated by a team of exceptional male NCOs and officers who adhered to high standards of professionalism.
My journey with SMU commenced in 2021 when I completed the Training Course and secured my position on the team. In an environment of uncertainty and chaos, I became the leader my organization required. Each deployment and mission tested my resilience, teaching me to navigate adversity while fostering relationships grounded in mutual trust and dedication.
As a master sergeant with fourteen years of service and over ten deployments in SMU, I have experienced unparalleled empowerment and encouragement. The men and women of the organization have entrusted me with high levels of responsibility and granted me the autonomy and resources needed to excel in addressing some of the Nation’s most challenging problems. Despite my position among senior NCO and officer operators, my soft-spoken contributions resonated profoundly within rooms filled with diplomats, ambassadors, and general officers.
Leading teams through some of the most complex and high-stakes situations in the Middle East has illuminated a fundamental truth about leadership: it centers on prioritizing the well-being of those you lead. This principle holds particular significance for women serving in elite units like SMU, where effective leadership fosters trust, support, and empowerment regardless of gender. My achievements have not been defined by being “the first,” but by a relentless commitment to my team and an organization that values trust, accountability, and grit. These experiences have deepened my understanding of SMU’s true essence as an institution where commitment, adaptability, and trust transform individuals into vital contributors to a larger mission.
Challenges and Responses to a Mixed Gender Environment
While SMU exemplifies excellence in military operations, it is not immune to the organizational challenges in mixed-gender work environments. However, what sets SMU apart is its ability to recognize, address, and overcome these challenges more effectively than many other organizations.
Recognized challenges.
Physical standards debates. Discussions around physical fitness standards and their application across genders can create tension.
Limited representation. The relatively low number of women in SMU can lead to isolation or added pressure on female members.
Work-life balance. The demanding nature of SMU work can disproportionately affect women, especially those with family responsibilities.
SMU responses and adaptations.
Open dialogue platforms. Regular forums are established in which members can openly discuss gender-related issues without fear of reprisal, promoting understanding and resolution.
Performance-based evaluation. SMU emphasizes performance-based metrics that focus on mission capability rather than gender, reducing bias in evaluations and promotions.
Flexible operational structures. SMU has developed more flexible operational structures that accommodate diverse needs without compromising mission readiness.
Cultural shift. There is a concerted effort to shift the organizational culture from one of mere tolerance to active inclusion and appreciation of diverse perspectives.
The SMU approach to addressing these challenges is characterized by proactive recognition, open communication, and adaptive problem-solving. This approach mitigates potential issues and strengthens the unit’s overall cohesion and operational effectiveness. By acknowledging that challenges exist and addressing them head-on, SMU demonstrates that diversity can be a force multiplier when managed with intelligence and respect.
As one female SMU leader noted, “We’re not immune to problems, but our training teaches us to face challenges head-on, whether they’re on the battlefield or in our ranks. This mindset allows us to turn potential obstacles into opportunities for growth and improvement.” This ability to effectively manage and overcome gender-related challenges is a model for other military units and organizations striving for greater inclusivity and operational excellence.
Conclusion
The role of women in SMU exemplifies how leadership transcends gender and is defined by the ability to prioritize the well-being of subordinates. Women in SMU have proven that success is not measured by breaking barriers but by a steadfast commitment to their teams and the values of trust, accountability, and dedication upheld by the unit. Their contributions highlight the essence of SMU as an institution where commitment, adaptability, and trust forge individuals into indispensable assets for a greater mission. Through their leadership, women in SMU continue to pave the way in operational excellence, demonstrating that authentic leadership is inclusive and impactful, driving the unit’s mission forward with unparalleled strength and resilience.