- Joined
- Mar 5, 2023
There is also an association between psychosis (which I think in this discussion is used interchangeably with schizophrenia) and intellectual disability (the old "mental retardation")There were theories why schizophrenia may manifest too, mostly that it seems to correlate with poor prenatal care and cannabis use
And of course it is more difficult to teach how to manage it (e.g. - "although the voices are telling you to do X, don't do X") to retarded peopleThe prevalence of psychosis in a population with ID is at least three times higher than that in the general population.
Link
People with [intellectual disability] and [schizophrenia /psychosis] appear to be more debilitated by the co-occurring disorder than those with the same disorder but without ID
Link
I wonder how much all these things are inter-connected. Retarded people are less able to explain strange stimuli, thus more likely to find supernatural explanations (e.g., that noise was actually a spirit that is haunting me -vs- it could just be the wind), which create further stress and make the psychosis worse.
Also, less intelligent people being more likely to start using cannabis in their younger years (the main link is for use when younger). Bad prenatal care often leads to conditions linked to mental retardation.
There are a lot of people who hear voices and such, but are not violent at all and are also not diagnosed with schizophrenia. The key difference is that they manage it so well that it does not impact their daily living that much. I suspect that IQ, not only culture, is a defining characteristic here.
A big issue is that what something being "genetic" means is never explained that well. Rarely with complex conditions saying that it is genetic means that it is that one single gene, and that it will manifest 100% of the time. What you are describing is more Gene X Environment interaction (which differs from Gene - Environment correlation), but want to clarify further the nuance.My understanding with schizophrenia is that it’s partly based on genetics and partly based on life experience, so for example if you take two people genetically predisposed to schizophrenia and one has a happy childhood and one that has a traumatic childhood the latter will be more likely to actually develop schizophrenia later on.
It is possible that, even given the same predisposition, the one with the happy childhood was not genetically susceptible to the interaction between schizophrenia and bad childhood. Genetics can also mediate that relationship, so it is not a simple recipe of
schizophrenia likelihood = childhood abuse + cannabis + ethnicity + socioeconomic status + IQ
where, given the same severity, it has always the same effect
but for some people some of the factors, at the same intensity, may have zero effect, because they have genetically something that protects them against their impact, or could be exceptionally susceptible to others.
Anyway, schizophrenia is one of the most heritable mental disorder at about 70% heritability. It is also one of the few where there are marked differences in the brain (not always tough)
I wonder with the consistency of Caribbean blacks being more likely to have schizophrenia, to what degree it is linked to voodoo culture. In turn, to what degree voodoo culture is linked to IQ.I didn't know that- looked into scholarly works and the few I've seen so far that corroborate that statistic simultaneously blame it on doctors being racist against blacks and creoles for giving them a diagnosis that could save their life
There is also an increased risk for all immigrants, even white ones going to white cultures. There is potentially something there where the second, third, etc generations have inherited the increased risk, which was genetically there to begin with and was further increased with the migration.
Ironically, there is a big debate on diagnosis psychosis/schizophrenia in Africa (and other less developed countries) as it is considered culturally-bound. As I said above, hearing voices and other symptoms are not necessarily life destroying. However, it would still be interesting to explore more how much the, shall we call it propensity?, to symptoms of psychosis is by culture/ethnicity