That had already happened by the 90's, and by the early 00's with the shuttle fleet being retired it was definitely over.
Tbh, as cool as the space shuttle looked and as much I enjoyed watching their missions as a kid, the program was objectively a pretty godawful failure.
The
intent behind the space shuttle was good - to make space flight routine with a fully reusable launch vehicle, and to shove a huge middle finger in the face of the Soviets from Low Earth Orbit. The
reality, on the other hand, rapidly turned into a dick-sucking contest servicing aerospace contractors that resulted in over a dozen deaths. That's the majority of all spaceflight related deaths. Ever. Both American and Soviet, which is impressive given that the Soviets once sent a guy up in a ship held together by The Workers'

, on a mission that he only agreed to fly so that his friend could go home and live a full life. Granted, that track record sounds slightly better if you consider that the shuttle carried seven people compared to 1-3 for Soviet spacecraft, but it sounds a hell of a lot worse if you consider that there were only ever four working shuttles. Two of them self-destructed spectacularly, like a med student who discovered pressed Adderall, dropped out, and decided to pursue a career performing as a naked cowboy at seedy gay bars in the Tenderloin. The others had their missions limited, and were grounded for extended periods to keep the frigid Florida winters and falling pieces of trash from killing even more people. A 50% fatal failure rate is...not great, to say the least.
Modern reusable spacecraft seem to be headed in the right direction, if you ignore Katy Perry acting like she saw the light of God with her own eyes and kissing the ground after a brief suborbital flight. That whole thing was cringe-inducing, but at least it wasn't as bad as turning on the news to watch a shuttle land in small, crispy chunks.