How do you get those numbers? The complaint says that it is claiming between $1 million and $5 million in compensatory damages, and my understanding is that the exemplary damages would be 2x the compensatory damages, making the damages treble in total, not including any attorney's fees that might also be awarded.
That said, isn't the maximum that he's asking basically just a suggestion anyway? If the jury felt like $5 million was still less than the true value of the damages that Vic has suffered, they could just pencil in whatever number they feel is fair, right?
The jury could in theory award any amount they choose for each defendant, but it's not possible for the awarded damages to be excessive or it would be overturned on appeal (which is a good thing too, so people are protected to some degree if they get sued over a bad life decision). It would be lowered to a certain range if deemed excessive. 5 million $ x 4, which is the maximum requested amount, can already be on the line of being excessive for 3 out of 4 defendants (they are broke idiots, they can't be expected to pay that much off within 5 lifetimes).
What makes it count as excessive depends on who is being sued and what the actions were, but for people in the position of Monica/Ron/Marchi, it caps out much lower than for instance Funimation. What it comes down to in the end is that they can be ruined for life as a result of the lawsuit, but they can't be forced to get stuck with an unreasonable judgement, which in cases with broke idiots tends to end up capping the punitives at 100% of the compensatory damages and higher than that often gets lowered on appeal, and this isn't counting trebling of the damages. Funimation has far more resources, and this means they can receive a higher judgement before it's deemed excessive.
Also trebling damages isn't exactly the same as giving punitive damages. Punitive damages are essentially any damages awarded for misconduct to serve as a deterrent for others that might want to try the same. Treble damages aren't unrelated to punitive damages (similar idea, but different rules), but they aren't the exact same thing and treble damages ignore the excessiveness of the amount they represent (unless a rule caps the total amount no matter what). Punitive damages are often awarded in cases where it's either very hard to punish someone for doing something (like defamation) or when the party isn't punished enough from the compensatory damages (mostly things done with malicious intent to cause harm).
Trebling of damages is done using the actual damages or compensatory damages, which most of the time doesn't include any punitive damages (although it's up to the courts discretion), and it's a simple x3 multiplier and the total amount can go over what would be considered excessive. In most cases, only the base pre-treble amount is considered for caps and excessiveness. Punitive damages can be any amount that is deemed sufficient as punishment for the defendants, but it can't go over the limit of being excessive or it could warrant a new trial.
Damages can be excessive even if the real damage is higher than the awarded damage, although that would require a bit more of an example to explain. Imagine a scenario where a worldfamous pianist that earns millions every year visits a car mechanic, and due to a careless action from the mechanic, the pianists hands are crushed. As a result, the pianist can't play anymore for the rest of his life and the damages are provably in the millions. The damage suffered by the pianist would be excessive for the car mechanic to pay, because while the careless action may have caused provable harm, the actual amount is beyond the point of being reasonable for what was actually done by the mechanic. If the mechanic acted with intent to cause harm, the reasonable damages would be far higher, but even then it would still be excessive above a certain point. Similarly, if it was the hand of a random guy that got crushed instead of a famous pianist, the point at which it becomes excessive would be lower because the actual damage is lower.
This also applies to Vics case, while he is well-known in a niche community and helps people, he doesn't have a long history (unlike the plaintiff in the Oberlin case) and he doesn't have a high value to the US community as a whole. He may be a good voice actor, but he wasn't raking in millions a year. All of this limits the amount that can be awarded before it's deemed excessive. The numbers I gave were estimates based on how the damages are capped in other cases. Funimation is the only one that can reasonably pay a large sum from the judgement, and while drawing parallels to Oberlin, Funimation is far less capable of carrying the burden than Oberlin and Vic has a lot less history and influence in the community than the bakery. The damages in Oberlins case were seen as exceptionally high, and the main reason it wasn't deemed excessive off the bat was the massive amount of value that Oberlin had. None of the defendants come close to that value.
It's not impossible for the damage to go well above the amounts I gave, but it would be unlikely. Although with how the defendants have been acting, it may become more likely in the future... Acting with malice towards Vic and continuing to do so is something that will be raising the ceiling, but I don't expect it to go far above... But you never know with these people, it would likely have been max 10 million total if they stopped it all when the lawsuit started. Their lack of remorse and openly malicious actions have significantly affected the result already, and things like getting Law Twitter to campaign against him could easily constitute grounds for an increase of the excessiveness line. I just don't know how they could raise the ceiling any further at this time, they make Oberlin seem cooperative and friendly.