Science Chinese mourners use AI to digitally resurrect the dead - "A digital version of someone (can) exist forever, even after their body has been lost."

Seakoo Wu and his wife have joined a growing number of Chinese people turning to AI technology to create lifelike avatars of their departed.

At a quiet cemetery in eastern China, bereaved father Seakoo Wu pulls out his phone, places it on a gravestone and plays a recording of his son.

They are words that the late student never spoke, but brought into being with artificial intelligence.

"I know you're in great pain every day because of me, and feel guilty and helpless," intones Xuanmo in a slightly robotic voice.

"Even though I can't be by your side ever again, my soul is still in this world, accompanying you through life."

Stricken by grief, Wu and his wife have joined a growing number of Chinese people turning to AI technology to create lifelike avatars of their departed.

Ultimately Wu wants to build a fully realistic replica that behaves just like his dead son but dwells in virtual reality.

"Once we synchronize reality and the metaverse, I'll have my son with me again," Wu said.

"I can train him... so that when he sees me, he knows I'm his father."

Some Chinese firms claim to have created thousands of "digital people" from as little as 30 seconds of audiovisual material of the deceased.

Experts say they can offer much-needed comfort for people devastated by the loss of loved ones.

But they also evoke an unsettling theme from the British sci-fi series "Black Mirror" in which people rely on advanced AI for bereavement support.


Ultimately, Wu wants to build a fully realistic replica that behaves just like his dead son but dwells in virtual reality.

'Needs are growing'

Wu and his wife were devastated when Xuanmo, their only child, died of a sudden stroke last year at the age of 22 while attending Exeter University in Britain.

The accounting and finance student, keen sportsman and posthumous organ donor "had such a rich and varied life", said Wu.

"He always carried in him this desire to help people and a sense of right and wrong," he told AFP.

Following a boom in deep learning technologies like ChatGPT in China, Wu began researching ways to resurrect him.

He gathered photos, videos and audio recordings of his son, and spent thousands of dollars hiring AI firms that cloned Xuanmo's face and voice.

The results so far are rudimentary, but he has also set up a work team to create a database containing vast amounts of information on his son.

Wu hopes to feed it into powerful algorithms to create an avatar capable of copying his son's thinking and speech patterns with extreme precision.

Several companies specializing in so-called "ghost bots" have emerged in the United States in recent years.

But the industry is booming in China, according to Zhang Zewei, the founder of the AI firm Super Brain and a former collaborator with Wu.

"On AI technology, China is in the highest class worldwide," said Zhang from a workspace in the eastern city of Jingjiang.


AI firm Super Brain charges between 10,000 and 20,000 yuan ($1,400-$2,800) to create a basic avatar of a deceased loved one within about 20 days.

"And there are so many people in China, many with emotional needs, which gives us an advantage when it comes to market demand."

Super Brain charges between 10,000 and 20,000 yuan ($1,400-$2,800) to create a basic avatar within about 20 days, said Zhang.

They range from those who have died to living parents unable to spend time with their children and—controversially—a heartbroken woman's ex-boyfriend.

Clients can even hold video calls with a staff member whose face and voice are digitally overlaid with those of the person they have lost.

"The significance for... the whole world is huge," Zhang said.

"A digital version of someone (can) exist forever, even after their body has been lost."

'New humanism'​

Sima Huapeng, who founded Nanjing-based Silicon Intelligence, said the technology would "bring about a new kind of humanism".

He likened it to portraiture and photography, which helped people commemorate the dead in revolutionary ways.

Tal Morse, a visiting research fellow at the Center for Death and Society at Britain's University of Bath, said ghost bots may offer comfort.

But he cautioned that more research was needed to understand their psychological and ethical implications.


Researchers and philosophers argue more research is needed to understand the psychological and ethical implications of creating AI versions of the dead.

"A key question here is... how 'loyal' are the ghost bots to the personality they were designed to mimic," Morse told AFP.

"What happens if they do things that will 'contaminate' the memory of the person they are supposed to represent?"

Another quandary arises from the inability of dead people to consent, experts said.

While permission was probably unnecessary to mimic speech or behavior, it might be needed to "do certain other things with that simulacrum", said Nate Sharadin, a philosopher at the University of Hong Kong specializing in AI and its social effects.

For Super Brain's Zhang, all new technology is "a double-edged sword".

"As long as we're helping those who need it, I see no problem".

He doesn't work with those for whom it could have negative impacts, he said, citing a woman who had attempted suicide after her daughter's death.

Bereaved father Wu said Xuanmo "probably would have been willing" to be digitally revived.

"One day, son, we will all reunite in the metaverse," he said as his wife dissolved into tears before his grave.

"The technology is getting better every day... it's just a matter of time."

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[Scarlett Johansson]

How do you.....choosing the text is.....yeah I do not welcome our robot overlords

 

[Xarpho's Return]

In traditional Chinese culture, wouldn't digitally reanimating your ancestors be highly disrespectful? I mean, they banned Ghostbusters for that whole reason.

 

[Flamin Park]

Hey! I've seen this one before!

But yerh this is really unhealthy and another sign of the infantilisation of humans, accepting loss is something that adults should be able to do

 

[The Littlest Shitlord]

In traditional Chinese culture, wouldn't digitally reanimating your ancestors be highly disrespectful? I mean, they banned Ghostbusters for that whole reason.

If you worship your ancestors, then this is basically digital idolatry, yes.

 

[frozen_runner]

If this is anything like their AI recreations of Confucius and Marx, this will be too China quality to comfort anyone.

 

[Woe-B-Gon (TM)]

We've been warned of this for a long time. I remember back in the 80s, an episode of Max Headroom

Yep, the Vu-Age church from the episode titled "Deities", originally aired around 1987 and I was just going to post:

Spoiler: More details

Dude says nothing but that to anything anyone says to him, but the church is promising it's a brain scan so detailed that it can be used on a clone body to effectively resurrect you... once tech for vat-growing a clone body is invented, of course, but they'll take the money for it now. Also, the box is effectively also a credit-card reader - the circle of buttons at the bottom is the series' PIN pad design - so loved ones are able to make a donation to the church while 'speaking' to you.

I presume it was originally a jab at the cryonics thing but our fear of death is universal.

 

[The Mass Shooter Ron Soye]

The QR code has entered the cemetery.

Chinese companies offer to 'resurrect' deceased loved ones with AI avatars

https://archive.ph/I2odG

JULY 21, 2024
Emily Feng


Sun Kai, the co-founder of Silicon Intelligence, speaks with an AI avatar of his late mother whenever he feels stressed at work.

TAIPEI, Taiwan — Whenever stress at work builds, Chinese tech executive Sun Kai turns to his mother for support. Or rather, he talks with her digital avatar on a tablet device, rendered from the shoulders up by artificial intelligence to look and sound just like his flesh-and-blood mother, who died in 2018.

“I do not treat [the avatar] as a kind of digital person. I truly regard it as a mother,” says Sun, 47, from his office in China’s eastern port city of Nanjing. He estimates he converses with her avatar at least once a week. “I feel that this might be the most perfect person to confide in, without exception.”

The company that made the avatar of Sun’s mother is called Silicon Intelligence, where Sun is also an executive working on voice simulation. The Nanjing-based company is among a boom in technology startups in China and around the world that create AI chatbots using a person’s likeness and voice.

The idea to digitally clone people who have died is not new but until recent years had been relegated to the realm of science fiction. Now, increasingly powerful chatbots like Baidu’s Ernie or OpenAI’s ChatGPT, which have been trained on huge amounts of language data, and serious investment in computing power have enabled private companies to offer affordable digital “clones” of real people.

https://www.instagram.com/reel/C8t8997Kn4F/

These companies have set out to prove that relationships with AI-generated entities can become mainstream. For some clients, the digital avatars they produce offer companionship. In China, they have also been spun up to cater to families in mourning who are seeking to create a digital likeness of their lost loved ones, a service Silicon Intelligence dubs “resurrection.”

“Whether she is alive or dead does not matter, because when I think of her, I can find her and talk to her,” says Sun of his late mother, Gong Hualing. “In a sense, she is alive. At least in my perception, she is alive,” says Sun.

The rise of AI simulations of the deceased, or “deadbots” as academics have termed them, raises questions without clear answers about the ethics of simulating human beings, dead or alive.

In the United States, companies like Microsoft and OpenAI have created internal committees to evaluate the behavior and ethics of their generative AI services, but there is no centralized regulatory body in either the U.S. or China for overseeing the impacts of these technologies or their use of a person’s data.

Data remains a bottleneck​

Browse Chinese e-commerce sites and you will find dozens of companies that sell “digital cloning” and “digital resurrection” services that animate photographs to make them look like they are speaking for as little as the equivalent of less than $2.

Silicon Intelligence’s most basic digital avatar service costs 199 yuan (about $30) and requires less than one minute of high-quality video and audio of the person while they were living.

More advanced, interactive avatars that use generative AI technology to move on screen and converse with a client can cost thousands of dollars.

But there’s a big bottleneck: data, or rather, the lack of it.

“The crucial bit is cloning a person’s thoughts, documenting what a person thought and experienced daily,” says Zhang Zewei, the founder of Super Brain, an AI firm based in Nanjing that also offers cloning services.

Zhang asks clients to describe their foundational memories and important experiences, or that of their loved ones. The company then feeds those stories into existing chatbots, to power an AI avatar’s conversations with a client.


At Silicon Intelligence, a technician is preparing to film a person in the studio. The person will read a script and perform specific hand gestures as directed. This footage will be used to create an AI avatar.

(Due to the rise in AI-powered scams using deepfakes of a person’s voice or likeness, both Super Brain and Silicon Intelligence require authorization from the person being digitally cloned, or authorization from family and proof of kin if the person is deceased.)

The most labor-intensive step of generating an avatar of a person is then cleaning up the data they provide, says Zhang. Relatives often hand over low-quality audio and video, marred by background noise or blurriness. Photos depicting more than one person are also no good, he says, because they confuse the AI algorithm.

However, Zhang admits that for a digital clone to be truly life-like would need much higher volumes of data, with clients preparing “at least 10 years” ahead of time by keeping a daily diary.

The scarcity of usable data is compounded when someone unexpectedly dies and leaves behind few notes or videos.

Fu Shou Yuan International Group, a Chinese-listed company in Shanghai that maintains cemeteries and provides funeral services, instead bases its AI avatars primarily on the social media presence a person maintained in life.

“In today's world, the internet probably knows you the best. Your parents or family may not know everything about you, but all your information is online — your selfies, photos, videos,” says Fan Jun, a Fu Shou Yuan executive.

A taboo against death​

Fu Shou Yuan is hoping generative AI can lessen the traditional cultural taboo around discussing death in China, where mourning is accompanied by extensive ritual and ceremony though expressions of daily grief are discouraged.

In Shanghai, the company has built a cemetery, landscaped like a sun-dappled public park, but it’s no ordinary burial ground. This one is digitized: Visitors can hold up a cellphone to scan a QR code placed on select headstones and access a multimedia record of the deceased’s life experiences and achievements.

“If these thoughts and ideas were to be engraved like in ancient times, we would need a vast cemetery like the Eastern Qing tombs for everyone,” Fan says, referring to a large imperial mausoleum complex. “But now, it is no longer necessary. All you might need is a space as small as a cup with a QR code on it.”

Fan says he hopes the experience will better “integrate the physical and the spiritual,” that families will see the digital cemetery as a place to celebrate life rather than a site that invokes fear of death.


In the digital cemetery created by Fu Shou Yuan in Shanghai, a headstone features a QR code that visitors can scan to access information about the deceased and pay tribute online.

So far fewer than 100 customers have opted for placing digital avatars on their loved ones’ headstones.

“For the family members who have just lost a loved one, their first reaction will definitely be a sense of comfort, a desire to communicate with them again,” says Jiang Xia, a funeral planner for the Fu Shou Yuan International Group. “However, to say that every customer will accept this might be challenging, as there are ethical issues involved.”

Nor are Chinese companies the first to try recreating digital simulations of dead people. In 2017, Microsoft filed a patent application for simulating virtual conversations with someone who had passed, but an executive of the U.S. tech giant later said there was no plan to pursue it as a full commercial service, saying it was “disturbing.”

Project December, a platform first built off ChatGPT’s technology, provides several thousand customers the ability to talk with a chatbot modeled off their loved ones. OpenAI soon terminated the platform’s access to its technology, fearing its potential misuse for emotional harm.

Ethicists are warning of potential emotional harm to family members caused by life-like AI clones.

“That is a very big question since the beginning of humanity: What is a good consolation? Can it be religion? Can it be forgetting? No one knows,” says Michel Puech, a philosophy professor at the Sorbonne Université in Paris.

“There is the danger of addiction, and [of] replacing real life. So if it works too well, that's the danger,” Puech told NPR. “Having too much consoling, too much satisfying experience of a dead person will apparently annihilate the experience, and the grief, of death.” But, Puech says, that in fact, it's largely an illusion.

Most people who have decided to digitally clone their loved ones are quick to admit every person grieves differently.

Sun Kai, the Silicon Intelligence executive who digitally cloned his mother, has deliberately disconnected her digital avatar from the internet, even if it means the chatbot will remain ignorant of current events.

“Maybe she will always remain as the mother in my memory, rather than a mother who keeps up with the times,” he tells NPR.

Others are more blunt.

“I do not recommend this for some people who might see the avatar and feel the full intensity of grief again,” says Yang Lei, a resident of the southern city of Nanjing, who paid a company to create a digital avatar for his deceased uncle.

Low-tech solutions to high-tech problems​

When Yang’s uncle passed away, he feared the shock would kill his ailing, elderly grandmother. Instead of telling her about her son’s death, Yang sought to create a digital avatar that was realistic enough to make video calls with her to maintain the fiction that her son was still alive and well.

Yang says he grew up with his uncle, but their relationship became more distant after his uncle left their village looking for work in construction.

After his uncle’s death, Yang struggled to unearth more details of his life.

“He had a pretty straightforward routine, as most of their work was on construction sites. They work there and sleep there, on site. Life was quite tough,” Yang says. “It was just a place to make money, nothing more, no other memories.”

Yang scrounged around family group chats on various social media apps on his own phone and came up with enough voice messages and video of his late uncle to create a workable digital clone of his likeness. But there was no getting around the lack of personal records, social media accounts and thus the lack of data his uncle had left behind.

Then Yang hit upon a more low-tech solution: What if a company employee pretended to be his uncle but disguised their face and voice with the AI likeness of his uncle?

In spring 2023, Yang put his plan into motion, though he has since come clean with his grandmother once she was in better health.

The experience has left Yang contemplating his own mortality. He says he is definitely going to clone himself digitally in advance of his death. However, doing so would not create another living version of himself, he cautioned, nor would such a digital avatar ever replace human life.

“Do not overthink it,” he cautions. “An AI avatar is not the same as the human it replaced. But when we lose our flesh and blood body, at least AI will preserve our thoughts.”

Aowen Cao contributed research from Nanjing, China.

 

[quackrock]

Ultimately Wu wants to build a fully realistic replica that behaves just like his dead son but dwells in virtual reality.

"Once we synchronize reality and the metaverse, I'll have my son with me again," Wu said.

"I can train him... so that when he sees me, he knows I'm his father."

God that is so fucking sad. I can't imagine what this father and mother are going through.

 

[LurkTrawl]

The QR code has entered the cemetery.

Brb writing into my will that anyone who wants to do this to me has to go first.

 

[Agamemnon Busmalis]

Not really sure why it matters, if they're dead and there's no soul they were just meaningless organic matter organized in self-replicating patterns. Your feelings and experiences were nothing and mean nothing, just electrical signals in organic matter firing for some kind of pointless physical process.

Sorry, that's all your child was in a godless and soulless world, organic chemistry. Atheism dies out when people realize what it really means, that's why the Communists had to substitute their ideology as a ersatz religion.

 

[innocent jogger]

Necromancer wasn't an instruction manual.

 

[NoReturn]

This was a subplot in Chobits where that one dude tried to make a robot version of his sister.

 

[Ughubughughughughughghlug]

East Asia is a land of tremendously resilient and virtuous people, who are unfortunately plagued by the most horrifying pagan beliefs ever and technological nightmares beyond human comprehension

lol how the fuck are the most corrupt and inhumane race of sociopaths virtuous?

 

[Whiskey]

This shit reads like the opening to a horror movie. Grieve and move on don't create a weird ass puppet of your dead family.

 

[Oilspill Battery]

The problem that will always exist with these things is that they only capture the public perception of the person, not their internal motivations.

Unless the person in question was unbelievably outspoken with zero inhibitions, a lot of what people say and do will innevitably be motivated by internal thoughts and experiences they keep to themselves.

These AIs are working backwards, instead of using the motivation of the person to reach the same conclusion they would have, they have a conclusion from texts or conversations or whatever and need to work backward to find the person's motivation to use as a base for the "personality matrix" or whatever to formulate future answers.

Not to mention the obvious, that people wear different masks for different scenarios, sitiuations and people.

This is why imo, short of a full brain scan, AI replicas of people based on external factors will pretty much never, ever, ever, ever work.

 

[HyperboreanRightsActivist]

lol how the fuck are the most corrupt and inhumane race of sociopaths virtuous?

Real life ain't /pol/