It arrived and the whole thing seems to work fine. I was testing it out on someone else's much nicer setup, and I had to crank the volume up a lot though. Does this mean I need a pre-amp?
Ah great! glad to hear it's working. I assume you plugged it into the auxiliary input. If so, yes, it will be VERY quiet. You need either a separate amplifier or a receiver/amp with a built-in one, called a Phono Stage, typically, or Phono Amplifier.
Turntable cartridges are very small pickups that put out very small voltage, usually in the low mV (millivolt) range, and a "line level/ auxiliary input level" is usually around a volt or two. Big difference. A regular pre-amp
will work, but it'll sound funny, since records are cut/mastered with an RIAA curve that a dedicated Phono stage corrects.
Yes. Yes you do. Do not be conned into buying one with vacuum tubes unless you're going to invest in a serious receiver/speaker setup. It's a waste.
Tubes can be fun...but really, don't bother. An awful lot of people will say they make it sound better, they make it sound warmer. In some regards its true*, Tubes are adaptable. But they're a real headache, just get a Solid State, they're more reliable, more accurate, and a good quality one will outperform a tube amp in many cases. They do sound a
little different. Realistically, it makes nearly zero difference with something as small as a phono stage. Avoid audiophile memes.
*sperging; there are a lot of technical reasons a Tube
can sound better, whether it's impedance, odd-order harmonics, etc. However, tubes have much higher distortion figures, and a
comparatively low life span to Solid State. I have a Headphone amp with a Tube-based preamp (little dot I+), it's fun because you can change the sound with different brands of tubes. It's also a headache because you have to worry about Current Bias and matching them, and them eventually burning out, and sourcing them, and figuring out Tube "families".
Look, you got a turntable, so you're going to wind up selling your blood and collecting aluminum cans to pay for "one more upgrade".
You start up with tubes...man...you'll wind up giving out dumpster BJ's just for NOS Raytheons.