How was the second calculated?

DerKryptid

DerKryptid

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Seconds are a fraction of minutes, which are a fraction of hours, which is a method of dividing a day. The system is the same as is used for accurate angle measurements.
They were only really used with the invention of the pendulum clock in the 1650ies.
Its the only non-base10 method of measurement that still sees serious use (imperial units are not serious. No, it were the nazis who brought you to the moon, and they used metric)
There was an attempt by the french revolutionaries to rework the national calendar and clock into a base10 system, but the peasants rebelled at the thought of a 10 day work week instead of a 7 day work week.
 
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DJ Grelle said:
Seconds are a fraction of minutes, which are a fraction of hours, which is a method of dividing a day. The system is the same as is used for accurate angle measurements.
They were only really used with the invention of the pendulum clock in the 1650ies.
Its the only non-base10 method of measurement that still sees serious use (imperial units are not serious. No, it were the nazis who brought you to the moon, and they used metric)
There was an attempt by the french revolutionaries to rework the national calendar and clock into a base10 system, but the peasants rebelled at the thought of a 10 day work week instead of a 7 day work week.
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I’ve heard the origins of 60 for the minutes and seconds come from the Sumerians who used a base 60 number system, who then passed it on to the Babylonians
 
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kūhaku said:
I’ve heard the origins of 60 for the minutes and seconds come from the Sumerians who used a base 60 number system, who then passed it on to the Babylonians
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60, 12, 24 are good numbers because they're highly composite. you can divide them easily into many different whole parts. In particular 60 is divisible by every number from 1 to 6:

60
2 * 30
3 * 20
4 * 15
5 * 12
6 * 10
8 * (no integer, but 360 = 8 * 45)
etc...

that's a great advantage when doing mental math or abacus. whereas 10's only divisors (besides itself and 1) are 2 and 5.
 
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Hours minutes and seconds relate to sections of a 360 ball or sphere. Just as the earth has hemispheres, so does a ball. If you rotated that ball or sphere, you would cut it in to sections of hours, those hours cut in to minutes, those minutes cut in to seconds.

I suppose an easy way to think about it would be the length of a line; a meter cuts in to centimeters and millimeters.
 
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Milkis said:
60, 12, 24 are good numbers because they're highly composite. you can divide them easily into many different whole parts. In particular 60 is divisible by every number from 1 to 6:

60
2 * 30
3 * 20
4 * 15
5 * 12
6 * 10
8 * (no integer, but 360 = 8 * 45)
etc...

that's a great advantage when doing mental math or abacus. whereas 10's only divisors (besides itself and 1) are 2 and 5.
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This is the same reason many professions like carpentry use feet instead of meters. 12 inches means you can divide a foot by both 2 and 3, which is handy.
 
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Penis Drager said:
Radians are even more "not base 10" than degrees. It's base is literally an irrational number.
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The base of the radian is the arc length (not sure that's the correct English term) of the radius of the circle.
It's base is still decimal, even though pi/Tau are more used for practical purposes.
 
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