The Linux Thread - The Autist's OS of Choice

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We don't have BeOS, OS/2, Commodore Kernal, Amiga Workbench, not even classic Mac OS anymore
Taking the moment to shill for Haiku, the spiritual successor to BeOS, now with 64 bits and tons of fun. I think Haiku’s a bit more Posix-ey than BeOS, but only insofar as necessary to make it easier to port apps to it. It runs on a surprising amount of hardware, and can run a surprising amount of software.

All Linux distros inherit this vendor-centric approach to package management, which is why it's such a longstanding ball ache for software developers to package Linux binaries in the first place.
A large part of the issue here is really a kind of flaw in how Posix systems deal with shared libraries. Posix expects that all shared libraries will be installed at the system level, and that there will only be a single copy of each library in the system. This makes sense from a theoretical perspective, the whole point of shared libraries is to ensure programs don’t have to store duplicate copies of every library function in themselves, and it works fine assuming that your system is tightly integrated with itself. In the modern world of 3rd party software development and internet distribution, however, this doesn’t really work well. It basically precludes you from distributing binary packages in a way that doesn’t depend on the exact system you used to build them.

The way that Windows deals with this, is that when you install applications they’re installed to a directory, and when the linker searches for shared libraries, it first checks the application’s installed directory before checking the system level registry. This is also basically what MacOS does with its .app system, and the containerized packaging model of Flatpaks is basically an adoption of this system within a Linux environment.
 
It derailed the thread a little bit a few pages back
If it wasn't constant going on for idk how long at this point, and basically only him. then I would say sure. The only other people doing it are ones that come in, and are so blatantly obvious about their bating that it doesn't do much.

Understandable, but I think you're missing the big distinction here between Portage and the Ports collection of any given BSD project. Portage is a package manager unto itself, the Ports collection on any given BSD is almost always a collection of makefiles, patches, and metadata sorted by category hiding in the /usr hierarchy.

Unless I'm horribly mistaken, you're unable to fetch an entire collection of Gentoo ebuilds, tuck them away into the /usr hierarchy, then go cd /usr/ebuilds/www/firefox && make install clean. You have USE flags, SLOTs, profiles, equery u package-name, and all this other stuff in its place.
You aren't entirely wrong, in that you don't cd into the directory and run make. But portage is stored on the filesystem in a tree basically in the same way the ports collection is. But instead of /usr it's stored in /var/db/repos. also another thing I like about gentoo's portage. notice it's called repos. They also have overlays. Which are their own smaller directory stucture, that get overlayed onto the main portage tree if you enable them. they also go in that so the structure would be /var/db/repos/portage /var/db/repos/some-overlay-name, etc. which means you can extend and modify the portage tree you are using however you'd like. Or make your own local ones.


Also. I'm not sure if portage is really the package manager itself, or the entire system. Since most of the actual package management is done with the emerge command (also emaint which basically does things emerge can do itself). I don't know which would be the more correct way of stating it, but I think of portage as the entire thing together,

Is the BSD approach to the Ports collection tedious? Sure. Are there tools to automate various aspects of Ports management? Yes. Do these tools come anywhere close to what Gentoo has to offer? No. Is this a fundamental failing of BSD projects as a whole? Again: no. FreeBSD's approach to Ports management is very much in-line with the way traditional Unices of the BSD lineage did their shit. Modern conveniences like Poudriere and Portmaster were made to assist with Ports management, but it's very much an old school mindset sort of affair.
I didn't say it was a failing on the part of ports.

But I do think the tooling that is built around freebsd is more conducive to something like a server, or something that needs to distribute builds, to a fleet of computers or something along those lines. The kind of automated tooling seems like it was made around that idea. Which you could do with portage if you wanted, but I think portage gives you something more like what a regular user would want from a package manager than poudriere. Which was the closest thing I found while I was using it.

Again... you're way off base with what FreeBSD as an operating system even is, let alone what it's capable of OOTB vs. with Ports.

By default, FreeBSD doesn't ship with anything beyond core Unix libraries, utilities, the kernel, and associated kernel drivers. FreeBSD is a server OS... t
you sure?

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I wish I could find the one I'm remembering. I specifically remember it being called an "everything operating system" or something along those lines.

I didn't say that for no reason. That isn't the only place I've seen them claim to be an everything operating system. Unlike something like openbsd. Which is actually honest about what it is, but they aren't. You can use openbsd as a desktop just as much as you can use freebsd. But openbsd is clear, they care about the server. I feel like if they outright said the desktop is an afterthought, I would cut it more slack. They do say a bit lower down, that it's "particularly well suited for servers" but that's in the 4th or 5th part of their faq, meanwhile twice above they mention it's for everything, from the server to the desktop. And they say it right at the top of the main page of the site, as the first thing you see.

And I know they said they are now actually putting in effort to making the desktop expereince decent. I think I mentioned that back a bit. Like I said then, I'll believe it when I see it. If I hear things have improved significantly since the last time I ran it. I might give it another chance. At the very least they are fixing wifi from what I've heard. Which is the only real hardware gripe I had with it.

This is how I know you never properly internalised the BSD concept of a base system because you're invoking Slackware while also saying all the shit that does not make it a singular, unified operating system.
It's not a hard concept to understand I was just saying slackware follows the same concept of spltting up where user installed packages, and distro provided packages go, along with actually keeping bin and sbin separate. I'm well aware of the idea of how bsd does the whole "complete operating system thing" that's all the people that use it talk about.

I'm not bothering replying to a lot of what you mention, because a lot of it I already know. I get the various bsd's philosophies. I've used them, I've read through their provided documentation. I've listened to people that work on at least freebsd's team give talks (recordings on youtube), I get the concepts.

And if you go back enough in this thread I've talked specifically about their design philosophy. And how I think it's what overall held the bsd's back. Well, that and slow adoption of new technology, slow adoption of multithreading certainly hurt them, also some things with the lawsuit stuff, but from what I've seen the impact of that was at least a little bit overstated.

Once again: you're more than capable of waxing poetic about Gentoo's myriad features, you're more than able to extol the virtues of Wayland with a standalone window manager, you're clearly capable of learning and internalising new shit... but you're continuously bashing your head against the wall with FreeBSD while claiming "FreeBSD sucks as a desktop OS guise." Obviously, it's Linux that's getting the mainstream attention for a potential Windows alternative. FreeBSD won't ever come close, nor does the project want to. Yet all the tools and manuals are there for you to convert a utilitarian foundation into a proper desktop setup.
My opinion of freebsd came from trying to use it as a desktop operating system. Multiple times. I didn't even bother trying wayland anything on it. I just got dwm to build, and all the other suckless stuff I normally use. And then went about setting up everything else I would normal expect to run on a daily basis. It's not like I just installed it, got to a console, and decided "hey this is different I don't like it". I don't mind having to put in a bit of extra work getting things set up. If I did, I probably wouldn't run gentoo.

Everything great about freebsd, and like I said before, there are a lot of great things about it. Don't really make it a great desktop operating system experience. They make it great for certain use cases. If I wanted to have a server, I would probably use freebsd (maybe openbsd, but idk I'm more familiar with freebsd already). But for a desktop, the only reason I can see someone running freebsd is because they want to say they run freebsd. I really don't know what anything it has would give you that actually makes it better or even as good as linux on the desktop. Which is kind of my point. It's just not a practical option, when you could just use linux, and have a system that doesn't need the same level of tinkering. Anyone CAN run freebsd for their desktop, but I can't say I would want to. The only reason I used it in the past was because I wanted to understand it as an operating system, learn what it has to offer, and see if it was a good option as an alternative for linux for the desktop specifically.

I did learn quite a bit while using it. Besides learning about how they do things differently than linux, I had to learn some things in order to just get some things to work. (I also learned if you mount a freebsd UFS filesystem on a linux distro, when you try to boot into freebsd again it will think the metadata has been corrupted so you will have to boot into a freebsd live iso and fix it, among a lot of other things like that). Outside of just learning the freebsd way of doing things, it was mostly reading through things, and doing searches, to just get things working at all. Like sometimes having to go through the linux compatibility layer, then trying to work out all of the things that would go wrong because of that specificaly. Like my kernel logs becoming so full of error messages that it pushes out anything useful I wanted to read from the buffer. And leaving behind zombie processes for every application that is launched through the layer. (and as far as I found, there is not solution besides running a cronjob to clean them up periodically, or killing them manually, which is a bandade rather than a solution).

If all i had to do to run freebsd was learn how they did things, I probably would have enjoyed the experience of using it, or maybe I would even be running it still, or at least have a drive with freebsd on it I use sometimes. But that wasn't the part of it that made me think it's not the best choice for a desktop operating system. It just isn't the best choice
 
You're gonna need to give us some diagnostic information.
Sorry, the info was across a couple posts: Nvidia 3080, Dell 165hz 2k monitors, using Display port.

Ok, so I swapped the cables between the monitors (since @Max Weber brought up the cables as potential issue) and both are now set to 165hz, and there doesn't seem to be an issue anymore. I had the refresh rate set through Linux Mint GUI, right click on desktop, open menu, set rate.\

Edit: As I fucking sent this the monitor flickered. It's gotta be the cable.
 
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Fun fact: Windows had a built-in blue light filter since 10. Not nearly as robust as f.lux, but still, even Microsoft went ahead and implemented it themselves. Meanwhile I don't think a single Linux DE implemented something similar. KDE or GNOME would be the main contenders for it.
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Is there a single thread you positively contribute to? Shut the fuck up. This is the second time in one month I am banning you from this specific thread because you can't stop being such an annoying prick.
 
i heard valve is officially implementing FSR4 support into proton. It is a real shame AMD refuses to give linux users a way to enable FSR4 similar to how adrenaline does it.

I just cant wait to be able to use FSR4 without loading up alternative proton builds.
 
If it wasn't constant going on for idk how long at this point, and basically only him. then I would say sure.
Just checking that's not referring to me. Because someone specifically tagged me when someone asked about PowerShell and I made a very long post in the Windows OS thread in response to it and tagged the person there in reply. And I repeatedly tried to shift the conversation over there but I couldn't get people to move, they just kept replying here. Which is why in the end I stopped replying. I love talking about Powershell but I cannot get people to do it in the Windows OS thread. People will only talk about it in the Linux thread no matter how many times I try. And I did.

Admittedly there was a previous occasion earlier in the year where I did some Powershell sperging unasked but that was because I was fool enough to think people would be interested in a philosophical discussion about Bash vs. Powershell differences. And believe me - I learned my lesson!
 
So I just found out time shift doesn't back up your home folder. Lesson learned for not fully reading the manual.....

Not the end of the world but still annoying that it's presented as a backup solution when you first install mint. Maybe i just didn't read it fully. Oh well.
 
So I just found out time shift doesn't back up your home folder. Lesson learned for not fully reading the manual.....

Not the end of the world but still annoying that it's presented as a backup solution when you first install mint. Maybe i just didn't read it fully. Oh well.
Yeah big misconception. Its more a system restore tool, not a backup tool. (but you can backup your home folder by including it.)
 
Yeah big misconception. Its more a system restore tool, not a backup tool. (but you can backup your home folder by including it.)
Make errors and learn I guess.

At this point I'm wondering if it's just better to fresh install or continue with trying to use time shift.

My primary hdd went tits up, no clue why. Might be able to recover off it with a external enclosure. In the meantime I replaced it and trying to restore to the new one. Save me the hassle of editing my fstab for network drives and I guess any programs I have installed assuming I have it all set up properly.
 
Make errors and learn I guess.

At this point I'm wondering if it's just better to fresh install or continue with trying to use time shift.

My primary hdd went tits up, no clue why. Might be able to recover off it with a external enclosure. In the meantime I replaced it and trying to restore to the new one. Save me the hassle of editing my fstab for network drives and I guess any programs I have installed assuming I have it all set up properly.

Fresh install after you clone your drive. Reinstall on the new drive, re-enable Time Shift and make damn sure you have your home directory saved. Works every time.

I’ve actually done a lot of retarded shit with backups and just generally failing to keep track of the systems I enable. At this point, I just opt to clone my shit before doing a serious migration or some major task that could bork me if I’m careless like I tend to be.

I had to learn the hard way that all the backup solutions in the world won’t protect you from yourself. Feels bad man.
 
So I just found out time shift doesn't back up your home folder
It definitely can take ones of home. It does root, and home, but doesn't have very fine grained control outside of that.

For a more robust on the same disk backup, you can use zfs, or btrfs. With btrfs being the better option for linux, since it being included in the upstream kernel will generally make your life easier.

Then you can control exactly what does or doesn't get backed up by creating subvolumes and using snapper for each you want to back up. since btrfs snapshots wont go into another subvolume or mount point, that allows you yo exclude directories by making them a btrfs mountpoint. Like if for some reason you wantes to skip opt when taking a root snapshot make that a subvolume, just as an example.


But obviously you still ideally need an external backup. For exactly the reasons you mentioned.

I also think xfs is a really good option if you are willing to write some bash scripts, if you aren't then maybe not. But it does let you do things in a similar way to btrfs, without subvolumes though. You can at least get the benifits of cow, doing "snapshots", just using the cp command. And it has some tools in the xfsprogs package that make backing up to external disks pretty easy, a lot like btrfs does.
I’ve actually done a lot of retarded shit with backups and just generally failing to keep track of the systems I enable. At this point, I just opt to clone my shit before doing a serious migration or some major task that could bork me if I’m careless like I tend to be.

I had to learn the hard way that all the backup solutions in the world won’t protect you from yourself. Feels bad man.
Yeah same. There have been a few times in the past where some stupid mistake I made cost me my system. And I wasn't good enough about making backups, or ai wasn't at all. It's a painful mistake, but at least you learn the importance of making backups from it.

One thing I've considered is doing the whole, separate home partition thing. But the problem is, I want it to be dynamically adjusted in size, guessing how big big I will need to make the root partition, while not wasting too much space, that my home partition could use is the thing that kind of stops me from doing that.

But it would make a new install extremely fast. It would just be installing the stuff I need, and changing some /etc files, then I'm done if I were to do that.
 
Another great option if you have a NAS is ZFS. It's easy to set up so that it sends an incremental backup to the server once a week or whatever, and that will include rollbacks to as small as fifteen minute intervals.
 
Is this the thread where I say I use artix s6 btw
Technically yes, as nobody else would understand the statement, but...
You go to hell! You go to hell and you die!
...that doesn't mean it's a good idea.

How are you finding it? I've been tooling with artix as a possible replacement for Manjaro on my main machine, but haven't tried s6 yet.
 
Ive been doing this thing that I find a great learning expierence to people who want to learn discipline and low level computer skills . 2 weeks ago I did not know what vmlinux was or what a ramdisk was or even how to compile linux, I did not know what /proc/ means etc. I knew almost nothing

Anyways im getting ahead of myself. Ive been taking a random piece of firmware anywhere(I chose a pre smart sony tv I had and found a firmware dump online) and learning how to extract it and hopefully emulate it, It teaches you ALOT of stuff and is a great way to learn low level computing and ill tell you what ive managed to do/learn in 2 weeks.
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(TV In question, kdl32bx300, Which might I say if your looking for a xbox 360 7th gen gaming room this is the perfect tv, those 4k ones are bad for older content and will always look worse than a TV with the resolution that the content was made for. IMO High end LCDS like bravias EASILY beat CRTS. )

Ive successfully extracted the squashfs and jefferson filesystem which is where I learned that some files have "Backup bytes" is what I call them, where every 256 bytes or so there will be 15 like backup bytes that need to be removed because it conflicts with file metadata.
Ive successfully extracted the linux filesystem and also managed to get the program running in QEMU.

Ive recompiled QEMU, and learned what MMIO and memory registers are, adding in a custom MMIO device.
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Ive learned how to reverse engineer things and figured out exactly how it works. I now know how to use Ghirda and also how much stuff can be saved even once a program is required

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And Ive managed to get a GOOD bit of the tvs ENTIRE main operating system(The entire like menus, No signal HDMI screen and like EVERYTHING is stored in a 13mb linux binary that's what im talking about. Nothing yet to show on a acutual display but its still the effort and a very GOOD bit of it passes) To run in qemu.

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I learned all of this in just 2 weeks(I managed to get it further in a now deleted screenshot where it gave me a BUS error. It was really fun it was like solving a puzzle.
If you would like to know all the things I did to make it happen and tricks id like to share it but like Im not sure if you guys would be intrested.
 
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