The Linux Thread - The Autist's OS of Choice

[analrapist]

Are those double -f needed when re-enabling?

According to the manual, no. Double -f is the faggot Red Hat "Are you really sure you want to do this? I expect my users to be niggers." paranoia.

I absolutely beg to differ.

Using ext4 specifically? Mounted with sync? What kind of setup? I'm a DWM/X guy, so I've got a lot fewer niggerlicious GNOME processes to break.

 

[Belisarius Cawl]

Using ext4 specifically? What kind of setup? I'm a DWM/X guy, so I've got a lot fewer niggerlicious GNOME processes to break.

I wasn't looking at mount or /etc/fstab when my Pis shat themselves but presumably "yes" to ext4. But since Alt+SysRq was mentioned earlier (REISUB), one thing that anyone using Linux should also know, especially with disgustingly bloated browser software, is Alt+SysRq+F, which will target the first memory-intensive task it can find and so on. It won't reboot your system like REISUB does. Also be aware that you will likely have to alter administrative privileges for this chord to work. Oh and to answer your question: LXDE and Xfce4.

 

[Betonhaus]

That was the conclusion MS came to that led to the failed Longhorn initiative.

It only failed because there was so much legacy code that they needed compatibility for. They could've done some sort of Windows on Windows system where all legacy applications run inside a protected container with compatibility APIs, and that container could eventually be made optional and removed for more streamlined systems like netbooks or tablets or even phones

 

[ToroidalBoat]

hey @analrapist

I've noticed just browsing files in the file browser can cause that "jbd2" thing to do multi-megabytes of writes, especially if it's in the OS partitions. Is that BS normal?

 

[DavidS877]

Those might require altered permissions to work

I absolutely beg to differ. If I ever run a Raspberry Pi again it's going to boot from an external HD.

I have around 12 Pis running. I lose a MicroSD every couple years. Even the ones that do stuff locally like the weather station don't seem to have problems. Sure, I should move it to an external DB, but whatever.

 

[Belisarius Cawl]

I have around 12 Pis running. I lose a MicroSD every couple years. Even the ones that do stuff locally like the weather station don't seem to have problems. Sure, I should move it to an external DB, but whatever.

It's a pain in the ass to have to start all over, even with scripts to help you. But why go through all of that?

 

[analrapist]

I've noticed just browsing files in the file browser can cause that "jbd2" thing to do multi-megabytes of writes, especially if it's in the OS partitions. Is that BS normal?

"Browsing files in the file browser" usually means that if there's no cached version available, they're going to be read to see what they are, maybe thumbnailed, etcetera. Megabytes of writes could just be thumbnails/filetype-caching. Of course, the reads are going to mean there's also atime write once per day.

Continuing on the ext4-without-journal bit, here's an ARM hardware vendor recommending disabling journaling, and the things they do to make non-journaled ext4 safe/performant:

https://developer.ridgerun.com/wiki/index.php/High_performance_SD_card_tuning_using_the_EXT4_file_system

 

[DavidS877]

Also be aware that you will likely have to alter administrative privileges for this chord to work.

sudo cat /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
If it's 1 then all are enabled, 0 all are disabled, some other number then some are enabled.

https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/sysrq.html

sudo sysctl kernel.sysrq=1 to enable all

Depending on your system to make a change permanent you can probably add kernel.sysrq=1 to /etc/sysctl.conf or a file in /etc/sysctl.d/

 

[Belisarius Cawl]

sudo cat /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
If it's 1 then all are enabled, 0 all are disabled, some other number then some are enabled.

https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/sysrq.html

sudo sysctl kernel.sysrq=1 to enable all

Depending on your system to make a change permanent you can probably add kernel.sysrq=1 to /etc/sysctl.conf or a file in /etc/sysctl.d/

All of that is correct and might benefit other Linux users or more specifically Pi users here (though maybe security-oriented users might not want to turn on every feature like I did). Still, my main concern remains running an operating system from a microSD card. It's fishy at a bare minimum.

 

[ToroidalBoat]

The Linux-running computer I'm on is about 5 years old now. The TBW to the SSD is now almost 20 TB.

The main reasons* for such a ridiculous amount of writing...

• not disabling "Safe Browsing" via Firefox (every 20 to 30 minutes a blacklist of bad URLS of over 20 MB is downloaded from Google)
• watching videos in Firefox without using Private Browsing with browser.privatebrowsing.forceMediaMemoryCache set to true
• watching YouTube videos on that main crapsite or on youtube.com/embed/[vid code]
• using GMail or some other sites in normal browsing (not Private Browsing)
• not disabling logging with systemd and rsyslog
• not disabling logging in uBlock

... and all that is despite disabling caching in Firefox.

* (along with whatever the previous user used it for)

With all that, this is what the SMART thing says:

Available Spare:                    100%
Available Spare Threshold:          10%
Percentage Used:                    2%

 

[DavidS877]

Still, my main concern remains running an operating system from a microSD card. It's fishy at a bare minimum.

Millions of users disagree with you. Including a ton of embedded shit. For super special applications you can run immutable and just a small ramdisk for state files.
It's silly to take a $35 Pi and slap on storage that may cost twice as much as the Pi. My worst case Pi is the one in the attic monitoring a bunch of 433MHz sensors. If it dies, I flash a new SD card. Open the attic hole, open the box it lives in, put the MicroSD in and rsync back the backup from /home/pi and add the startup script to /etc. If I was really worried I'd image the disk so I can flash a new card directly as it keeps no local state. 'proper' storage would be larger, take more POE power and generate more of its own heat and may not even like the attic temps in summer.

The Linux-running computer I'm on is about 5 years old now. The TBW to the SSD is now almost 20 TB.

Available Spare:                    100%
Available Spare Threshold:          10%
Percentage Used:                    2%

I hate to be the bearer of bad news, but 2% in 5 years means you may have to replace that drive in 2125.

 

[Belisarius Cawl]

Millions of users disagree with you. Including a ton of embedded shit. For super special applications you can run immutable and just a small ramdisk for state files.
It's silly to take a $35 Pi and slap on storage that may cost twice as much as the Pi. My worst case Pi is the one in the attic monitoring a bunch of 433MHz sensors. If it dies, I flash a new SD card. Open the attic hole, open the box it lives in, put the MicroSD in and rsync back the backup from /home/pi and add the startup script to /etc. If I was really worried I'd image the disk so I can flash a new card directly as it keeps no local state. 'proper' storage would be larger, take more POE power and generate more of its own heat and may not even like the attic temps in summer.

Yeah the cost in dollars is minimal. But why even run the risk?

 

[ToroidalBoat]

I hate to be the bearer of bad news, but 2% in 5 years means you may have to replace that drive in 2125.

lol

Also wouldn't it be bad if that 2% reaches that 10% threshold (so it's really 20% of the way to problems)?

 

[DavidS877]

lol

Also wouldn't it be bad if that 2% reaches that 10% threshold (so it's really 20% of the way to problems)?

10% is the threshold for the 100%, which is still 100%
Percentage used is the estimate of the total wear available. I guessed 50% was a good number. Once it starts getting close to failure then the Available Spare can drop quickly as cells have to be moved to spare cells with lifetime left.

You can also look at the spec for that drive and compare the '20 TB' used to the manufacturer estimate.

 

[ToroidalBoat]

.

10% is the threshold for the 100%, which is still 100%

Still confused over here. So if that 2% reaches 10% then problems really start appearing, or does that 2% have to reach 100% for that?

 

[DavidS877]

So what's the "2% used" then?

Percentage used is the estimate of the total wear available.

Among all the not-spares it estimates how many times they can be re-written. As they get reused more times that number goes up. When a cell finally hits the limit and causes an error on write then a spare cell is used and that 100% number starts to decrease.

 

[ToroidalBoat]

As they get reused more times that number goes up.

So the 2% has to reach 10% for the available spare to start diminishing?

 

[DavidS877]

So the 2% has to reach 10% for the available spare to start diminishing?

No, the 2% has to reach 100%*

When the available spare pool goes from 100% to 10% then you really really need to replace the drive. I've only ever had 2 SSDs (old old 120GB SATA) that I've used till expiration, everything else got replaced before they hit 90% Available Spare or so.

* Cells can die before their estimated life expires or continue working long after, it's not uncommon to see a few cells remapped sooner than 100% just due to the nature of physics and stuff made out of silicon, things like the drive running hotter than expected will reduce usable lifetimes.

 

[ToroidalBoat]

things like the drive running hotter than expected

How much hotter?

Also I have a USB that runs at normal temp on an old toaster with USB 2, but on this newer system (likely with USB 3), it feels like it's around 100 F or 40 C, when I eject.

Is that normal? It's a newer flash drive that's likely USB 3.0.

 

[DavidS877]

How much hotter?

Also I have a USB that runs at normal temp on an old toaster with USB 2, but on this newer system (likely with USB 3), it feels like it's around 100 F or 40 C, when I eject.

Is that normal? It's a newer flash drive that's likely USB 3.0.

It's hard to find good information on absolute numbers, if the drive is in a system with normal cooling it's likely fine, if it's next to a 5090 then additional airflow may be needed.

For external drives, yes they do get warm just like their internal counterparts. As densities grow temps get warmer, 100F doesn't sound like a problem for a normal external drive.