Their identity as a people is staked on being a 4000 year old Mesopotamian blood cult who lost their empire and a modern Democratic secular nation at the same time
The premise of Jews being God's chosen is predated on revealed theology being correct (as God revealed the Torah or whatever to them). Revealed theology is obviously BS and theory of evolution, and the scientific revolution proved revealed theology as a falsehood in so many ways. Thus the prophesies are BS and just political wishes.
Then there is a body of knowledge that compares religions to find common concepts and roots. Judaism was revealed to be unoriginal borrowing concepts from PIE people and their neighbors.
The people who wrote those books and written down oral history were flat eartherers and geocentrists.
Israelites were just a subset of Canaanites who eventually came up with Israeli monotheism.
Israel literally is multicultural. Israeli's, Palestinians, Jordanians, Lebanese, Iraqi, Iranian, Syrian, Saudi, Egyptian, Moroccan, Algerian, Tunisian, Afghan, Turk, Asia, African, Hispanic, European, Jew, Muslim and Christian. It's probably the most multicultural place on Earth.
Israel tries to be a Jewish Pan-ethnostate (And its Jewish character is currently being diluted out of existence). Ashkenazim,Mizrahim, Sephardim are the biggest ethnic groups out of the Jewish pan-ethnic groups. Jews aren't a race of people, they are a pan-ethnic group. The vast majority of Jews are of the West Eurasian sub-species like every European and West Asian.
Judaism did not age well. Jewish law aged horribly (It won't protect your ethnicity from being mixed to extinction). Being a Jew should at least be for west eurasians/"cacausians" (outdated, imprecise term) only. Ashkenazis repeated the genesis of their ethnic group (Judeans mixing with gentiles, predominantly North Italians), and further mixed predominantly with Europeans, especially NW europeans in North America.
Multiculturism is not a virtue. It always ends in disaster. Too much bad blood gets generated, and people who don't genetically belong in a region often get rightfully persecuted. If everyone forgot their identities, and history. We could literally just do a PCA graph of our greatest genetic variations, and use the resulting statistical gradients to determine who is actually genetically indigenous to a region of Eurasia/Africa/ Oceania. NW Europeans literally belong in regions of NW europe. We cluster next to SW europeans, who cluster next to Southeastern europeans, who clusters next to Southwest Asians. We cluster next to NE europeans, who cluster next to eastern europeans who cluster next to SE europeans... It's all a continous fabric. And it shows that's there's an underlying order to the ecosystems that humans form. The celtics getting pushed out of central europe by Germanics and Slavics was not a fluke, those celtics were genetically closest to modern western europeans... Plenty of examples like that throughout history.
Oh well, we can completely sequence genomes, and we can already tactically use modern reproductive technology to prevent any group of people from actually going extinct. Assuming modern civilization doesn't collapse which it might from mass immigration of people who aren't modernized and might not be modernized without some eugenics first...
Either way, the social/political disaster of multi-culturism/racialism is going to be very ugly. At least Israel is mostly west eurasian. Western Europe has it way worse.
That's every group that has and will exist on the planet. It's not unique to Jews.
Different things emerge out of different groups of people. Similar things emerge out of similar groups of people. Not all groups of people have a similar predisposition to traits like psychopathy, schizophrenia, etc.
As a NW european, we're more similar to central europeans than Ashky Jews or South Italians. We're more fundamentally similar to Ashky Jews than we are to chinks or sub-saharan Africans.