Science Promiscuous Queen Bees are More Likely to be Executed by Their Colonies Because it Increases Their Chances of Producing Infertile Offspring - Patrolling thots is just nature.

Promiscuous Queen bees more likely to be executed by their colonies

Scientists said queens which mated with more than one worker were more likely to produce infertile offspring, otherwise known as diploid males. Stingless bees are found in Brazil.

www.dailymail.co.uk

• Queen stingless bees are at risk of being executed if they mate more than once
• Execution is because they are more likely to produce infertile useless males
• Stingless bees found in tropical climates as Brazil and are related to honeybees

Queen stingless bees face a greater risk of being executed if they do not remain faithful to one male, new research has found.

Stingless bees are found in tropical climates such as Brazil and are closely related to honeybees and bumblebees.

But while a queen honeybee may mate with up to 20 males, queen stingless bees are usually loyal to one male.

Scientists said queens which mated with more than one worker were more likely to produce infertile offspring, otherwise known as diploid males

Scientists said queen stingless bees (pictured) which mated with more than one worker were more likely to produce infertile offspring​

The colony will then execute the queen because the offspring are defective and cannot reproduce.

And for every diploid male produced, it means there is one less worker bee in the hive.

The study, which was published in the American Naturalist, helped biologists to understand why some species mated with multiple males while other remained loyal to one, according to The Telegraph.

The University of Sussex and University of Sao Paulo compared the fate of queens in different hives in an experiment in Brazil.

Scientists found that the queen doubled her chance of being executed if she mated with two males.

While a queen honeybee may mate with up to 20 males, queen stingless bees are usually loyal to one male. Pictured: A drone bee copulating with a queen bee
​

According to Francis Ratnieks, Professor of Apiculture (beekeeping) at the University of Sussex, the reasons for this is 'fairly complex'.

Professor Ratnieks said: 'In short, it is due to the genetics of sex determination in bees and the risk of what is known as 'matched mating''.

Normal male bees are produced from an unfertilised egg and therefore only have one set of chromosomes from the mother, and therefore only one sex allele.

However if the egg is fertilised it will have two sets of chromosomes - one from the mother and one from the father.

If the two sex alleles are different, the bee is female, but if they are the same it will be a diploid male, known as 'matched mating'.

 

[Your Weird Fetish]

Are you implying that troons are useless in the natural world?

No, I'm outright stating it.

 

[Honka Honka Burning Love]

Question: How long before someone cites this as the basis for executing thots?
Answer: Not long.

but are they wrong to do so?

 

[queerape]

One would have to examine the inbreeding coefficients of both species, as well as any causal relationship between inbreeding and the production of diploid males in the resulting generation (useless soyboy beta bees).

Interestingly enough, the change in mating behavior might be the reason for their speciation, going back far enough.

That makes sense, as behavioral isolation is one mechanism of sympatric speciation. For honeybees, 2 generations of inbreeding (queen mates with drones from her hive, and then the next queen mates with drones from her hive again) can result in up to 50% of diploid bees becoming diploid drones instead of workers, and what you get is called "pepperpot" or "scattershot" brood, worker brood combs with about half scattered empty cells from all the destroyed diploid drones (they barely get to hatch before they are eaten). The more scattered this effect, the more inbred your hive is since your queen is making more diploid drones. So there is a probably correlation between inbreeding and diploid drones for sure.

Unless workers evolved some green beard genes, then the opposite would be true

It's important to remember that paternity in bees works very differently in them than in humans, due to them being haplodiploid. Drones don't even have a father. The workers also do not reprduce, only the queen does, and they all share the queen's genes anyways

 

[Positron]

Heterozygosity would be selected for as there would be more ability to resist a change.

So it is a conundrum why Haplodiploidy even evolved in the first place. Given it is quite common in insects and rare in other groups of animals (mites, some nematodes and a few species of rotifers) one suspect the reason is not something general (e.g. to expose deleterious mutations in the haploid sex so as to eliminate those mutations) but specific to the physiology of insects. The prime suspect are endosymbiotic bacteria like Wolbachia, which are transmitted through eggs and cause feminization and elimination of the paternal chromosome set.

Has any research been done on honeybees in terms of the behavior of half-siblings?

Not as far as I'm aware of.

 

[Your Weird Fetish]

Are there a lot of haplodiploid insects outside the hymenopterans? I mean can we rule out it just being that this one order was very successful and speciated a lot?

It's important to remember that paternity in bees works very differently in them than in humans, due to them being haplodiploid. Drones don't even have a father. The workers also do not reprduce, only the queen does, and they all share the queen's genes anyways

The old thinking was for the hymenopterans that rather than looking at them as parents trying to create the maximum amount of offspring, they win natural selection by being sisters looking to help as many other sisters as possible exist. Supposedly the rough resource investment between reproductives vs. workers bares this out but I've seen criticisms of some of the foundational research lately so I dunno.

EDIT: Also correct me if I'm wrong but workers do sometimes sneak in their own drone laying too in hives with older queens, right? Though not sure how big an influence that actually has on bee ancestry.

 

[Positron]

Are there a lot of haplodiploid insects outside the hymenopterans?

All hymenopterans, all thrips, and about 10% each of coleopterans and hemiopterans.

 

[queerape]

Also correct me if I'm wrong but workers do sometimes sneak in their own drone laying too in hives with older queens, right? Though not sure how big an influence that actually has on bee ancestry.

Normally, worker bees who make drone eggs have the eggs destroyed, though in some "anarchist" colonies they may be more permissive though the existence of "anarchist" colonies are debated. Laying workers are more typically seen when a hive has been queenless a few weeks (since if there is a queen the Queen Mandibular Pheromone suppresses their ovaries) and it's now too late to rear a new queen before all the workers die, so they just lay eggs so the hive has a last ditch to save it's genes with one last release of drones.

 

[Your Weird Fetish]

I've never heard of "anarchist coloniess". Tell me more.

All hymenopterans, all thrips, and about 10% each of coleopterans and hemiopterans.

Ok that's a lot. I'd totally support the hypothesis that some specific preadaptation or selective circumstance may exist in insects that makes this happen a lot then.

 

[Sneed's Feed And Seed]

What about "explosive severing of the penis" do you not understand?

audible explosive severing of the penis.

 

[queerape]

I've never heard of "anarchist coloniess". Tell me more.


Ok that's a lot. I'd totally support the hypothesis that some specific preadaptation or selective circumstance may exist in insects that makes this happen a lot then.

This article has some info On what anarchic colonies are . It’s also worth nothing that some other eusocial Hymenopterids like certain ants have a subcaste of workers that can lay fertilized eggs that are called (and I shit you not) GamerGates.

 

[Male Idiot]

I guess she will have to bee faithful. I'll show myself out.

Interestingly, I thought most insects only mated once and stored a huge amount of sperm which they kept on using. This means they can eat the male like a good feminist!