Introversion I get being detrimental, but isn't a lack of empathy a plus in effective autocraticleadership?
A lack of
affective empathy is very useful. A deficit in affective empathy is a lack of emotional response to that of other people's suffering. A psychopath is often a very good autocrat because he is not held back by sentimentality, even when he can see he is causing great harm and suffering.
A lack of c
ognitive empathy is not. Cognitive empathy is the ability to perceive emotions in others - that is, an autist will not be able to tell intuitively percieve the emotions of others from facial expressions, tone, and body language. The only exceptions are high-functioning ones, and they can only perceive extreme and thus very obvious emotions (crying, laughter, etc).
Many autists tend to have a lot of affective empathy and feel the emotions of others
once they come to understand via non-intuitive deduction or explicit explanation. They can feel bad once they hear about someone having injustice done unto them, or can feel happy once they realise someone they like has had something good happen to them. However, they have no hard-wired ability to tell what other people are feeling. Often, they have to mechanically deduce the emotions of others to have a chance of knowing what they feel at all.
Compare this to a normal human or a psychopath who has no affective empathy; they have some intuitive short-cuts to help them know what others are feeling (they don't have to spend a lot of time computing expressions and emotions). The social awkwardness of the autist often arises because to them, other people simply appear to be unchanging blank slates. They don't see emotions, feelings, or pain. They know that these things exist (after all, they experience them), but they cannot see them in others except at rare extremes or after being told.
As you can perhaps guess, this is why most autists are extremely gullible. It is also why most of them are very awkward and offputting; to have any chance of blending in, they have to manually do what most people do automatically and learn facial expressions, body language, and voice tones and work to compute the state of their interlocutors on every occasion they have a social interaction. It's incredibly hard work - thus even the autist who masters this is going to have limited energy and also will be capped in their ability relative to that of a standard human.
This is an awful formula for a leader. A leader needs to be able to perceive morale and emotion in their subordinates to develop a strategy to motivate and guide them. They also need to be able to perceive when and how to interact with colleagues. The lack of cognitive empathy makes such perception impossible.
The psychopath with zero affective empathy can manipulate and work others without remorse. But he knows the limits of human nature and also when he is squeezing too hard or being too lenient. The autist with zero cognitive empathy knows none of this.
If you want to know more, I'd recommend Baron-Cohen's book
Zero Degrees of Empathy. This goes into the taxonomy of empathic deficits.