Late to the thread, but I'll nevertheless give my 2 cents.
For home self-defense, I concur with the many posters above who recommended a shotgun. Two things:
- Don't get a "fowling piece" (one with a very long barrel, mostly used for bird and clay pigeon shooting). The long barrel is easier for an attacker to grab and push out of the way during an altercation. (You generally don't see these at the lower price range but they sometimes go cheap at estate clearance auctions.)
- I'd suggest not loading lighter than LG (SSG if overpenetration is a concern). Avoid birdshot (and never load shit like rock salt, it fucks up your barrel) I have worked in both state mortuaries and A&E departments (USA: Casualty), and saw many more people hit by birdshot who were alive than dead. Both the fatalities took a full load to the torso at point blank range.
For a handgun, this really depends on what works best for you. I use a CZ 75 (9mm parabellum) which hasn't given me any trouble for 15 years (and worked well for my father for the 20 before that). Some people find them too heavy and the safety isn't ambidextrous. Stripping the gun for cleaning needs some dexterity, but not very much(IMO). I also don't know about US prices.
The only handgun I'd unequivocally warn against getting is the Denel Vektor 9mm pistol (South African manufacturer, I've heard that they are turning up for sale elsewhere now).
Picture:
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The manufacturer stopped supporting the gun the year they ceased manufacture. Apparently a Chinese company was going to start making replacement parts, but I don't know if this is still happening.
Almost 75% of new Vektors were defective, needing modification to work (firing pin not moving when struck).
Second hand examples are mostly police surplus, and whether this was done depends on whether the cop who had the gun got it fixed with his own money (most just brought their own private gun to work).
Just keep away from these pieces of shit, unless you're willing to pay a gunsmith for inspection and repair of faults, which can easily cost you more than the gun itself.