Daggerfall made of a God damn trial system (albeit barebones) that can be influenced by the Streetwise (for lying) or Etiquette (for debating) skills and even allowed you to go "fuck it, I'm guilty" for a lesser sentence. Being in certain guilds can also affect this, and by certain I mean just the Thieves Guild and Dark Brotherhood. There were a bunch of crimes to commit too (wished they finished programming the "high treason" crime so you can actually get executed), combine this with timed quests and you can really fuck yourself over.
Morrowind allowed disposition to affect your bounty if caught, allowed guards to lower or even outright clear your bounty. That being said, too high a bounty is a death sentence, you can remove it through the thieves guild or as a reward from a quest. The Trial system was removed sadly.. Swinging (not necessarily hitting, lol Morrowind) at someone counts as assault (that's in DF too I think?), calming someone then doing it again can be a separate sentence lol, and if your sneak is high enough you can just not get caught sometimes. You can even get someone to attack you and then it'll be considered self-defense if they saw them attack you first. This applies to guards too, fucking Morrowind lol. Fencing wasn't really a thing as you can sell any stolen item to anyone so long was not originally theirs (which was pretty cool, no one would know if someone from the next city over would have had that specific item stolen, at least not immediately, sadly this crime never really caught up to you).
Oblivion funnily enough added on to the crimes due to new mechanics, you can now steal horses and escape jails, wear the mask of nocturnal (which is honestly a super low bounty, 500 gold for one of the most legendary thieves in history?), and slap sheep specifically. You're also given better indicators on whether something is a crime or not which I do appreciate. The responsibility system was also introduced, allow certain people to ignore your crime or are especially worth look out for depending their responsibility level. Guards will always allow arrests which gets into the problem of punishments meaning jack shit, hell if some guards like you they'll just clear your bounty. While that last bit is in Morrowind, they'll still try and kill you no matter what (iirc) with a high enough bounty. Guards are also telepathic so if you kill a guard they'll know it was you no matter what. Fencing became more of an involved mechanic, you can't just sell stolen goods to anyone anymore and instead must seek specific fences in less than legal places.
Pickpocketing is overhauled but for bounty related circumstances, people will report you even if they weren't the victim, but thankfully stolen items don't stack (meaning if you steal and item you already have a copy of, the copy is not considered stolen). It's both easier and a bit harder to get away with crimes, but it doesn't really matter too much since the punishment is so light even for mass genocide.
Skyrim is more of the same, some new crimes, same way of escaping a bounty or removing it (jail or coin, expect for the telepathic orc strongholds, only coin or death), and the occasional hired thug for uncaught crimes sent by telepathic victims of your thievery (which you can easily avoid anyway). Bounties are tied to the hold you committed the crime(s) which...kind of makes sense in a civil war if you commit a crime in a Stormcloak hold but wouldn't be applied to an Imperial hold, I'd also imagine more petty crime wouldn't be big news in a war. But mass murder in The Pale won't apply to The Rift for example, no matter how much time has passed news of the mass murderer won't spread. This is retarded to me, you can maybe convince me if you said it would be more contained if it was an unknown, stealthy murderer like in Blood on the Ice but if some random fucker in Daedric armor starts casting fireballs and summoning Dremora like it's the Oblivion Crisis all over again you'd expect news like that to spread like wildfire. I'm overthinking a Bethesda game, I know.
Becoming a thane gets you a single use "get out of jail free card" if your bounty is under 1000 gold. You can bribe guards, persuade guards, pacify temporarily, kill witnesses, hell even taking the hold during a civil war can clear your bounty. And I ask you, what is the fucking point of any of this if the punishment is so light no matter what you do. Serve jail, minor skill penalty. Rich? Gold is incredibly easy to come by in the truck loads that it doesn't really matter, and if you run out you can just go to jail again for that minor skill penalty. Guards may kill you if your bounty is too high (I assume the devs figured you can't get a bounty that high with anything other than assault and murder) but not always and you can just pacify them again and then pay/go to jail. Speaking of jails, they're easy to escape and conveniently lead you to your shit and safely outside where you can easily make a break for it. Except Cidna Mine I believe, if this was some insane vault-like jail filled with traps and anti-lockpicking spells and you had anti-magic collars on (and had your fingers stuck in mittens or some shit) I'd understand. But nope, only the quest allows you to escape Cidna Mine. Finish the quest and you can never escape again. Outside of that bullshit, no real punishment. Oh and I think stolen items stack again, but now you can separate the stolen item by putting it somewhere and your stack will be owned by you again.
ESO is again more of the same but adds necromancy to the crime list (which makes fucking sense), fences can clear your bounty, and makes the bounty system more punishing by preventing NPCs from interacting with you and having guards kill you on sight as soon as you commit a major crime (assault, murder, resisting arrest, necromancy, being a vamp or werewolf if you use your powers). And then it fucks it up immediately. Firstly, guards are immortal, meaning the all powerful vestige that defeating all sorts of godlike enemies...can't beat some random guard in the middle of bumfuck nowhere. Secondly, while they can kill you, this is an MMO and death is almost meaningless. Instead they just take your stolen items, subtract the gold from that to your bounty (that's retarded in any other context but again this is an MMO), and if it's not enough they'll take all your gold (I think it's all, not just whatever is left to clear your bounty). Thirdly, parts of the crime and bounty payoff system is paid DLC...fucking MMOs. There's a setting that prevents you from accidentally killing innocents, but you can complete DB quests if you have it on...this is the Dark fucking Brotherhood nigger, no one is innocent! There's probably more but I want to wrap this up so lastly there was going to be a PVP bounty hunting system that allowed players with bounties to be hunted down by other players in PVE zones, this would have be so much more interesting if done right, but of course this was scrapped. Ahhh, ESO. Making me interested from a glance and then reminding me why I wouldn't touch you with a 39 and a half foot pole after even the most surface level "research."
I'm probably forgetting something or fucking something up so feel free to correct me.